The service life of lead-acid batteries is generally more than 5 years, but in the actual use process, it is found that many lead-acid batteries are scrapped after 3 or 3 years of use. Improper use and the quality of the product itself will directly affect its service life. Why does this happen, and who broke the life of the battery? Let’s discuss it together below.
There are several reasons for the scrapping of lead-acid batteries:
Reason one:
Water loss is one of the basic reasons for the reduction of battery capacity. Water is an important component to participate in the electrolytic reaction of the battery. Once the battery is overcharged, discharged with a large current, increased internal resistance, short-circuited, etc., it is easy to generate heat and form water vapor. Most of the water vapor will be retained in the sealed battery box. However, a very small part will be lost (determined by the density of the battery shell material), and as time goes by, the battery will lose water.
Reason two:
Improper use of the battery, long-term insufficient charging or half-discharged battery, excessive discharge or not charging in time after discharge, internal short circuit, high electrolyte density, high temperature, and low liquid level may cause sulfation, Coarse lead sulfate crystals are formed on the plate due to recrystallization. This kind of crystal has poor conductivity and large volume, which will block the micropores of the plate, hinder the penetration of the electrolyte, increase the resistance, and is not easy to restore when charging. Irreversible lead sulfate reduces the active substances participating in the electrochemical reaction in the plate, so the capacity is greatly reduced, and even fails to be scrapped. As long as it is produced by regular manufacturers according to national standards, most of the scrap batteries that are in normal maintenance state within the design service life are caused by vulcanization.
Reason three:
When the lead-acid battery stops charging and discharging, lead sulfate crystals are gradually produced on the electrode plate. This phenomenon leads to the aging of the battery, which is manifested as: the battery is difficult to charge and discharge; the battery capacity is reduced; it further promotes the corrosion of the electrode plate and reduces the service life of the battery.